Automatic Generation Control of a Future Multisource Power System Considering High Renewables Penetration and Electric Vehicles: Egyptian Power System in 2035

Egypt aims to diversify electricity generation sources and targets 42% of its power capacity through different renewable energy (RESs) by 2035. Such an increased share RESs will make grid operation control more tedious may have a negative impact on system frequency stability. Therefore, this paper is the first study that studies automatic future multi-source systems (e.g., Egyptian Power System (EPS) in 2035 scenario) considering high penetrations electric vehicles (EVs). The scenario include photovoltaic plants, wind concentrated solar hydropower plants. EPS also contains other traditional plants based fossil fuels (i.e., coal, oil, natural gas) nuclear Moreover, investigates effect participation EVs enhancing stability future-scenario EPS. Furthermore, proposes fractional-order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controller for load (LFC), parameters are tuned using RUNge Kutta optimizer (RUN), which new optimization algorithm. To assess FOPID performance, it was compared with proportional-integral-derivative controller, proportional-integral controller. results showed positive EVs’ regulation EPS, effectiveness RUN LFC application, superior performance over peers controllers used literature improving reducing deviations caused disturbances under various conditions.